CD40ligand-expressing dendritic cells induce regression of hepatocellular carcinoma by activating innate and acquired immunity in vivo

Hepatology. 2008 Jul;48(1):157-68. doi: 10.1002/hep.22296.

Abstract

Dendritic cells (DCs) are professional antigen-presenting cells able to prime T-cells against tumor-associated antigens (TAA), but their potential to induce hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) regression is still limited. CD40/CD40L interaction is essential for DC activation and induction of antigen-specific T-cells. In this study, transduction of TAA-pulsed DC with a CD40L-encoding adenovirus (Ad-CD40L) was used to improve the immune response induced by DC toward HCC. Bone marrow-derived DC from C3H/HeNcrl mice were cultured with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-4. On day 6, tumor-lysate pulsed DCs were infected with adenoviruses. HCCs were induced by inoculation of mice with Hepa129-cells subcutaneously. When tumor-volume was 100 to 400 mm(3), DCs were injected intratumorally, subcutaneously, or intravenously. Ad-CD40L transduction exerted CD40/CD40L interactions between DCs, increasing DC immunostimulation with up-regulation of CD80/CD86- and interleukin-12 (IL-12) expression. Intratumoral injection of CD40L-DC was superior to intravenous or subcutaneous treatments, yielding tumor elimination in almost 70% of mice. Moreover, all tumor-free animals were protected against hepatic tumor cell rechallenge. In a preventive setting, subcutaneous injection of CD40L-expressing DCs protected 50% of mice for more than 3 months toward tumor cell challenge. The induced immune response seemed to be dependent on cross-priming with Th1-lymphocytes in the lymph nodes, because transduced DCs were redetected in lymphoid tissues. In addition, immunohistochemistry of tumors indicated a significant tumor infiltration with CD4+, CD8+ T cells and natural killer (NK) cells. Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes were tumor-specific, as shown in interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot and T-cell proliferation assays.

Conclusion: Transduction of DCs with Ad-CD40L increases significantly the stimulatory capacity of DCs. Intratumoral injection of DCs activates both acquired and innate immunity, inducing complete regression of established tumors and long-term immunity against tumor recurrence. This approach improves the antitumoral potential of DCs.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • CD40 Ligand / metabolism*
  • Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / immunology*
  • Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / pathology
  • Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / surgery
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Coculture Techniques
  • Cytotoxicity, Immunologic
  • Dendritic Cells / immunology*
  • Dendritic Cells / metabolism
  • Dendritic Cells / transplantation*
  • Disease Progression
  • Immunity, Active
  • Immunity, Innate
  • Injections, Intralesional
  • Interleukin-12 / blood
  • Interleukin-12 / metabolism
  • Liver Neoplasms, Experimental / immunology*
  • Liver Neoplasms, Experimental / pathology
  • Liver Neoplasms, Experimental / surgery
  • Lymphocytes / immunology
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred C3H
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / prevention & control
  • Phenotype
  • Spleen / cytology
  • Transduction, Genetic
  • Vaccination

Substances

  • CD40 Ligand
  • Interleukin-12